Laryngitis
Laryngitis is inflammation of the vocal cords. It may be acute or chronic.
Q : What causes acute laryngitis?
A : Any sudden respiratory infection, such as the common cold or Influenza, or infection of the back of the throat, such as Tonsillitis or Pharyngitis, can cause acute laryngitis. diphtheria used to be a common cause of larynigitis, but is now extremely rare in Western countries.
Overuse of the voice, heavy smoking, and habitual alcohol consumption all tend to produce a hoarse voice made rapidly worse by any minor infection.
Q : What are the symptoms of acute laryngitis?
A : The voice is husky and sometimes disappears completely (aphonia). Talking may cause pain in the throat.
Q : What is the treatment for acute laryngitis?
A : It is essential to attempt to stop talking for at least forty-eight hours. Steam inhalations may help, and treatemnt of the causative condition, such as tonsillitis, may be necessary.
Q : Are there any complications of acute laryngitis?
A : Yes. In babies and young children, the infection may occasionally spread to the windpipe (tracheitis) and bronchi (bronchitis) causing a syndrome called laryngotracheobronchitis, or croup. This is a potentially serious complaint and often needs treatment in a hospital. The child usually has a high fever and a barking cough.
In adults the conditions is seldom serious. It usually interferes with normal speech for about one week.
Q : What are the symptoms and causes of chronic laryngitis?
A : The chief symptom is continued hoarsness,accompanied by a slight cough and a tendency for the voice to become weaker with use. Drinking alcohol, smoking and overuse of the voice are all factors that can produce these symptoms.
Q : How is chronic laryngitis diagnosed and treated?
A : The diagnosis is made by an otorhinolaryngologist, who examines the vocal cords to make sure that there is no other cause for the hoarseness.
Laxatives
Laxatives are any substances that cause emprying of the bowel. They are often used in the treatment or prevention of constipation.
Q : What substances are used as laxative?
A : There are three main groups of laxatives. Those most commonly used act by irritating the bowel wall, causing a contraction and forcible expulsion of the feces. But continued used of this kind of irritant laxative leads to a gradual loss of effectiveness of the normal bowel reflexes. Senna, cascara sagrada, and phenolphthalein are examples of this group and are found in many commercial preparations.
The second group of laxatives acts by attracting water from the body into the intestine, increasing the volume of feces Milk of magnesia. Epsom salts (magnesium sulfate), and Glauber’s salts (sodium sulfate) are common examples. More recently, vegetable substances that swell when they are swallowed have been used.
The third group is called bulk laxatives, and they include bran, vegetable fiber, and general roughage. Bulk swells the contents of the large intestine and acts as a stimulant to defecation as well as resulting in a bulkier stool. The diet of many people in Western countries is deficient in these substances. This may lead to constipation as well as other disorders.
Q : What are the dangers in using laxatives?
A : Laxatives should be used only in cases of severe and prolonged constipation and under a physician’s orders. Laxatives that act by irritating the bowel may become habit-forming so that the bowel may not function well without the irritant stimulus. In order to produce a laxative effect, gradually increasing doses have to be used. If they are taken over a prolonged period of time, the bowel wall may become damage.
Other kinds of laxatives are safer to use, but may need to be taken in larger amounts than is first realized.
Q : Should laxatives be used to treat any form of constipation?
A : No Laxatives should never be used if constipation suddenly occurs or is accompanied by abdominal pain or fever. In such a case, there may be an intestinal obstruction or Appendicitis and laxatives are likely to make the condition worse. A physician should be consulted.
Korsakoff
Korsakoff Korsakoff’s syndrome is a form of mental illness. It is commonly found in brain-damaged patients suffering from Alcoholism, but it may also accompany other forms of brain damage, for example, cerebral tumors, head injuries, and minor strokes.
Q : What are the symptoms of Korsakoff’s syndrome?
A : The patient is unable to remember recent events and tends to invent plausible accounts of what he or she has been doing during the past few days or weeks. Memory for distant events is normal and any skills learned in the past can be perfomed with ease. This is in contrast to the patient’s ability to learn a new skill which, being difficult to remember, is consequently difficult to perform.
Q : What is the treatment for Korsakoff’s syndrome?
A : The treatment depends on the cause. Alcoholism should be treated appropriately, and large amounts of B vitamins often produce a slow improvement.
A talk about the Liver
Liver is the largest and most complex organ in the body. Most of it lies in the right upper side of the abdomen under the diaphragm and ribs, and it extends across to the left side of the body, overlying the upper part of the stomach.
The liver in the average adult weighs about three pounds (1.5 kilos). It is covered by a tough, fibrous capsule. The gall bladder and its ducts lie beneath the right side of the liver.
The products of digestion are absorbed by capillaries in the intestinal wall and carried in the hepatic portal vein to capillaries within the liver. The liver is composed of upto 100,000 branched and interconnected cells (lobules). Each lobule is surrounded by capillaries from the hepatic portal vein and the hepatic artery. Between two and three pints (more than a liter) of blood pass through the liver each minute. The blood leaves along the hepatic vein to join the inferior vena cava and pass to the heart.
Q : What is the function of the liver?
A : The cells of the liver process digested food, storing as much of it as is required and converting the remainder into substances the body needs. For example, the sugar glucose is converted into glycogen and stored in the liver until the body needs extra energy.
The liver stores vitamins (except vitamin C) until they are required, and its reserves can last for many months. Iron and several other minerals are also stored in the liver. Liver cells also manufacture Proteins and Lipids.
Liver cells not only deal with food that has been digested but also recycle various substances, such as hemoglobin, that are needed by the body. In addition, the liver destroys many poisonous substances that may be absorbed into the body and acts as an organ of excretion. For example, alcohol, barbiturates, and other drugs are broken down in the liver. Bile salts and bilirubin are formed and pass into the bile ducts, to be excreted into the duodenum or stored in the gall bladder. Unwanted proteins are destroyed and changed into urea, which is carried int he bloodstream to the kidneys and excreted in the urine.
All these metabolic processes produce a considerable amount of heat that helps to maintain the body’s normal temperature.
Q : What disorders may affect the liver?
A : The liver is a complex organ that can be disrupted by a number of disorders, of which the major causes include infection; poisioning; excessive alcohol; metabolic abnormalities; obstruction; and deficiency diseases. Many disorders do not produce any symptoms until they have reached an advanced stage because the liver has large reserves that can be used if it is damage.
Infection of the liver may cause it to become swollen, and may produce a dull ache in the upper right part of the abdomen. Usually, however, pain does not occur with liver disorders. Instead, the first symptom of many disorders is Jaundice, which occurs when the bile pigment bilirubin accumulates int he blood. This may be caused by an inability of the liver to metabolize bilirubin, or by an obstruction to the flow of bile from the liver to the intestines.
Abdominal swelling, resulting from fluid in the peritoneum (ascites), may be caused by obstruction of the hepatic portal vein. Such obstruction may also cause varicose veins to form at the lower end of the esophagus and burst, causing blood to be vomited (hematemesis) and blood in the feces (Melena). The sudden blood loss and influx of protein into the intestines may cause hepatic Encephalopathy. Other causes of this disorder include Cirrhosis, and acute viral Hepatitis, caused by infection or poisoining. The symptoms include confusion; flapping movements of the hands; and lack of coordination (ataxia). The patient may lapse into a coma from which consequences may be fatal.
Cancer of the liver may also occur. Liver tumors are usually malignant and result from the spread of cancer from other parts of the body (metastasis) Occasionally a primary tumor may occur in the liver, called a hepatoma. Hepatomas are usually associated with cirrhosis, caused either by alcoholism or by nutritional deficiency.
Lordosis
Lordosis, also known as hollow back or saddle back, is an excessive curvature of the spine with the bend towards the front. The conditions affects the lumbar region (between the ribs and the pelvis) and is the opposite in deformity of Kyphosis or hunchback.
Q : What causes lardosis?
A : Lordosis commonly occurs in obese people with weak back muscles and heavy abdomens. It may also develop in pregnant women. The deformity can occur when a person with kyphosis excessively straightens his or her spine. And any hip deformity, such as that caused by osteoarthritis, tends to make the body lean forward, which may produce lordosis.
Q : How is lordosis treated??
A : Treatment must be directed toward the cause; this is the only way of encouraging the spine to return to normal shape.
COVERSTORY
The management of pain has been a serious consideration in the fields of Unani medicine and healing for as long as people have been feeling pain. In the past few decades, however, the issues around controlling pain have come into sharper focus, spawning a great deal of research into, and understanding of, the nature and mechanisms of pain. There are several reasons for this the violence of the 20th century, the rising concern over the effects of pollution, the increasing longevity of the population, and the growing stresses of life in the 20th century. Partly as a result of this and the increasing sophistication of scientific methods of research, there has been considerable development of pharmacologic agents for the suppression of pain; this has in turn produced a new set of problems to be dealt with, including toxicity and addicition.
An important part of the concept of Unani medicine is that in the human individual there is unity of body, mind, and emotions. All of these aspects are inextricably interwoven, so that what affects one aspect affects all the others as well. It follows then that if pain is experienced because of a physical injury, for example, such experience reverberates throughout the mind and emotions, as well as the body itself. It also means that the healing of the physical wound does not necessarily produce an immediate cessation of the echoes extending into the other aspects of our being. These interactions have only been partially studied with the methods that are presently available; we are only beginning to understand the full meaning of such connections.
Natural Unani Therapies and Pain
Research during the last 20 years has confirmed the fundamentally important fact that our mental and emotional state effects the way we feel pain. Depression and simply expecting to feel pain opens the pain gate more, while thinking (and acting) positively closes it. So if you are “blue” and depressed, you are likely to feel pain more than if you remain upbeat.
Drugs, of course, also help close the pain gate, and this is the basis of conventional drug therapy in the treatment of pain. But drugs neither curenor, usually, remove all the pain. Worse, they have the twin disadvantages that they can reduce the body’s ability to counteract pain by diminishing its ability to produce endorphins and enkephalins, and they can also be addictive. This means that victims, particularly of severe chronic pain, can become habiturated to pain as well as suffering from such unpleasant side-effects as weakness and dizziness. It is almost as if they become so preoccupied with their pain that it controls their lives. The result is obvious, and tragic: a downward spiral of pain, drugs, more pain and more drugs. Instead of getting better, or feeling better, the patient just gets help lessly worse and worse. The tragedy is that it need not be this way. There are gentler and safer approaches that can help. Such approaches are those known loosely as “natural therapies”. (Other terms you will hear are “alternative,” “complementary,” and “holistic”, all covering the same ideas.)
Treatment of pain is one are where unani natural therapies are coming particularly strongly into their own. As well as thinking positively, other factors that close the pain gate are exercise and deep relaxation. All three are part of such classic mind-body techniques as unani, yoga, and meditation, along with the more modern methods of visualization and biofeedback. There are some two dozen natural approaches for pain treatment. They include acupuncture, acupressure, hydrotherapy, aromatherapy, massage, reflexology, hypnotherapy, herbal medicine, homeopathy, psychotherapy and counseling, sound and color therapy, creative arts therapy, and healing. What all these approaches have in common is that, unlike conventional drug therapy, they aim to work with the body, mind, and emotions rather than against them. Though research into the effectiveness of many of these therapies is still in its infancy, all those described have shown evidence that they work to reduce, alleviate, and in some cases remove pain completely.
First, you must remember that your pain is individual and specific to you. Therefore what works for others may, unluckily, not work for you (of course it may work even better!). But tailoring treatment to you as an individual is the most important of the principles behind effective natural pain relief. That may mean seeking out the help of a pain clinic or a specialist in natural medicine, such as a qualified natural therapist or naturopath, to get you started on the right track.
Second, it often takes time for many therapies to work fully. This is especially true for chronic (longterm) pain, and it may take perseverance to reverse the trends and habits of years of pain, not least in how you see yourself in relation to the pain (does the pain control you, or do you control the pain?).
Third, it is important to be sure that you have correctly identified the cause of the pain. Accurate self-diagnosis is vital. In most acute cases, the cause is obvious a cut, bang, scald, or sprain, for example but sometimes it is not, and wrong diagnosis can result in wrong treatment. At best, mistaken treatment may do no harm, but it is unlikely to help either. At worst, it may not only do damage but also delay correct treatment. In rare cases, such delay can be fatal. So if in doubt, consult a qualified practitioner, such as your family doctor, before starting.
Remember also that therapies effective for acute pain are not necessarily suitable for chronic pain, and vice versa. A unani herbal remedy or a massage with an essential oil may help ease an acute headache but do little for chronic arthritis. Equally, emotional pain whether immediate or long term is more likely to be helped by psychological therapies, such as relaxation and meditation, than by acupressure or TENS (transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation).
The difference between good and bad fats
Dietary fats are necessary for good health. Vitamins A, D, E, and K are fat-soluble therefore, without fat in your system you wouldn’t be able to absorb these important vitamins. Also, food would taste exceedingly bland, and your skin and hair would become dry and brittle.
There are three basic types of fat: monounsaturated fat (MUFA), polyunsaturated fat (PUFA) and saturated fat (SATFA), whichinclude hydrogenated and trans fat. MUFA and PUFA are good for you; SATFA is unhealthy. How do you tell a good fat from a bad one? The degree of saturation is the tell-tale sign. A saturated fat (like lard), is solid at room temperature; an unsaturated fat (like olive oil) is liquid at room temperature. However, even good fats can turn bad. Exposure to air, light, and heat changes the composition, rendering them unhealthy.
Just like a car needs oil to run smoothly, your body needs essential fatty acids (EFAs) to hum at peak efficiency. The two EFAs your body can’t make on its own, linolenic acid (omega-3) and linoleic acid (omega-6) are the ones being promoted in flax oil, evening primrose oil, borage oil, and similar EFA products you’ll find in the supplement section of your natural foods store.
Attitudes to Pain
For most forms of pain, both acute and chronic, physical and psychological, there is usually a great deal you can do for yourself. Helping you to realize that you can do thins for yourself and take control of your life again is one of the most significant things this book seeks to achieve. But having the right attitude to pain is important.
Reject outright any idea that your pain is your “fault” or somehow a “punishment” for something. Any notion that the pain (or the disease it represents) is the result of karma, for example, or the act of a vengeful God, or equivalent, should be dismissed out-of-hand. It is not only an unjustified idea but, much more seriously, it could produce negative feelings of guilt or anger that will seriously interfere with the healing process.
Again, some people with chronic pain can become so addicted to their pain that they come to accept it as a sort of support, and even miss it if it goes: in other words, they develop a need for it. Equally, there are people who will do anything to suppress and deny their pain. Pain, in these situations, has become either a “friend” or an “enemy”. But it is neither. It is a natural process that is no more nor less than a sign to alert us that something is wrong. Working with and through pain is not only possible, particularly using the natural therapies but can be strengthening and life-enhancing if approached with the right attitude.
Using the therapies not only offers you a wealth of choices for effective action in combating pain action that may enable you to overcome your particular pain but, most importantly of all, it allows you to reclaim your life and start living again.
WORLD UNANI DAY
CENTRAL COUNCIL OF INDIAN MEDICINE
The Unani Committee of the Central council of Indian Medicine at its meeting held on 27th August 2008 has unanimously resolved to celebrate “WORLD UNANI DAY” on 4th October which coincides with the Birth Day of the Unani legendary of the Post Independent era, Prof. Hakim Syed Khaleefathullah.
Prof. Hakim Syed Khaleefathullah has been a member of the Central Council of Indian Medicine since 1973 till date (35 years). He was elected Vice President (Unani) in 1997 and served in this capacity till 1984 (7 years). He was elected President of the Central Council of Indian Medicine in 1984 and continued till 1995 (11 years), and again he was requested to take up the responsibility to lead the Unani System, and was unanimously elected Vice President (Unani) in 2007.He was gracious enough to accept the request of the Unani elite shedding the human ego of taking the post of Vice President after having been the President of the Council for 11 years, for the sake of Unani System.
Prof. Hakim Syed Khaleefathullah is also the founder member of the Central Council for Research in Unani Medicine. He is the co signatory of the Memorandum and Rules of the Research Council in 1978. He has served the Research Council in various capacities such as Chairman, Scientific Advisory Committee for 22 years. He was also nominated as Chairman, Executive Board of the C C R U M for three years and later as Vice President of the Research Council for 9 years. He can be rightly called the Architect of the present Research Council. This is the Life Time Achievement of Prof. Hakim Syed Khaleefathullah.
Prof. Hakim Syed Khaleefathullah is also one of the signatory to the Memorandum and Rules of the National Institute of Unani Medicine registered in 1984. He was nominated as the member of the Governing Body of the NIUM thrice and at present apart from the Member of the Governing Body; he is also a member of the Finance Committee of the NIUM.
Prof. Hakim Syed Khaleefathullah was the Chairman of the Unani Pharmacopoeia Committee for two terms and during his Chairmanship the committee published two volumes of National Formulary and one volume of Pharmacopoeia. This achievement was made after a long gap from the publication of the first volume in 1981.
Prof. Hakim Syed Khaleefathullah was nominated twice by the Hon’ble Prime Minister on the recommendation of the Hon’ble Health Minister, as one of the eight eminent Members from the whole Country to the Central Council of Health.
In recognition of the clinical acumen of Prof. Hakim Syed Khaleefathullah, in 1987 he was appointed as the Hony. Physician to the President of India.
Prof. Hakim Syed Khaleefathullah is serving as the Vice President, All India Unani Tibbi Conference, Delhi since 1963.
In recognition of his sincere, dedicated and laudable services at the National level to the Unani System of Medicine in particular and Indian Systems of Medicine in general, Prof. Hakim Syed Khaleefathullah was awarded the degree of D. Sc. (Honoris Causa) by the Tamil Nadu Dr. M. G. R. Medical University in 1998.
Apart from these there are many more laurels to his credit at the National level and the State of Tamil Nadu to which he belongs.
The Unani Committee considering all these have unanimously decided that it is befitting to celebrate “WORLD UNANI DAY” on the birth day of this legendary of Unani Tibb – 4th October.
The General Body of the Central Council of Indian Medicine has unanimously approved the recommendations of the Unani Committee at its meeting held on 28th August 2008.
Cramps and Spasms
A spasm is a sudden, involuntary muscular contraction, either of a single muscle, or of a group of muscles. A convulsion is a general spasm that affects the whole body.
Spasms may be caused by various factors, such as muscular fatigue or emotional stress. Asthma is caused by a spasm of the bronchial tubes in the lungs.
Cramps are strong, painful spasms. Some forms of cramp, such as writer’s cramp, may be caused performing a repetitive task. Excessive salt loss may also cause cramps.
Night cramps usually affect the legs and feet. They occur mainly in the elderly, often caused by a narrowing of the blood vessels.
Some women suffer from abdominal cramps during menstruation.
Action
Certain chemicals and drugs may cause cramps if ingested in excessive quantities. If cramps or spasms are caused by a drug overdose. If the victim is having convulsions.
An asthamatic attack usually lasts for about ten minutes. If it continues for longer than this, summon emergency medical aid.
If cramps are caused by excessive salt loss, replace the lost salt by drinking a glass of water to which half a teaspoon of salt has been added.
Rest the affected part until the cramps stop.
Cramps may occur during vigorous exercise even in healthy persons, particularly if exercise is taken after eating or drinking. This can be dangerous if the cramps occur while swimming.
Do not take exercise immediately after eating or after drinking alcohol.
Laryngeal spasms occur frequently inchildren, usually at night. The child had difficulty in breathing for a short period. Although such laryngeal spasms are alarming, they are not usually serious medical emergencies.
If cramps or spasms persist or recur frequently, consult a physician because there may be a more serious underlying cause.
During an asthamatic attack, let the victim sit with the arms at chest height.
Do not lay the victim down because this makes, breathing more difficult. Allow the victim to use any prescribed medication.
If the victim has night cramps in the legs or the feet, move the feet so as to stretch the affected muscles.
Night cramps in the legs or feet may also be relieved by massaging the affected part.
If the victim is having intestinal cramps, lay the victim down. Keep the victim warm and comfortable, possibly with a hot water bottle.
If the spasms are severe, or if the victim is vomiting, summon emergency medical aid.
If the cramps are caused by excessive activity, such as swimming, running, or rowing, immediately stop the activity that has caused the cramp.
Rest and massage the affected part.
Menstrual cramps usually last for about three minutes, with an interval of about fifteen minutes between attacks.
If the victim has menstrual cramps, it may help to perform light exercise.
If the exercise is ineffective, the victim should rest in bed.
Gentle heat applied to the victim’s abdomen or middle of the back may relieve the pain. If it does not, give the victim painkillers.
Unani Fitness for
senior citizens
In old age, a certain amount of physical decline is inevitable. As the body ages, the arteries gradually harden, the capacity of the lungs diminishes, the muscles deteriorate, the bones become thinner and more brittle, and there is a reduction in both height and weight. Specialized cells in certain organs of the body die and are not replaced, thus reducing the efficiency of these organs. None of these changes, however, need reduce an older person’s capacity to enjoy life, and physical exercise remains important.
Many of the advantages of regular exercise taken early in life become apparent only as you grow older. However, it is never too late to start.
Simple flexibility exercises are especially suitable for senior citizens. Many of these exercises can be performed while you are sitting in a chair. For neck flexibility, let the neck fall gently forward or to one side , and then lift it up. For flexibility of the spine and trunk, sit with your arms outstretched and move the whole of your upper body from side to side. For flexibility of the hip joints, sit with the legs outstretched and raise one knee, bending your head gently down toward it as you do so. For flexibility of the ankle joints, cross one leg over the other and move your foot round in circle,stretching the toes up, down, and outward as you do so. All these movements can be repeated a number of times, but never strain yourself or force your body to make a movement that causes pain. Remember that the aim of these exercises is flexibility, not muscular strength or endurance.
Although senior citizens should avoid exercise that demands sudden or prolonged effort, physical activity of some kind can be very beneficial. Short but regular walks will exercise the joints and stimulate the circulation.
Other factors related to physical fitness in old age are diet and recreational interests. Many ache and pains, as well as anemia and other ailments, are caused by diets lacking in essential vitamins, proteins, and nutrients, especially calcium and iron. The diet of elderly people should contain plenty of milk, as well as fruit and fresh vegetables. It is dangerous to assume that older people need less nutritious food than younger people.
Although senior citizens should avoid exercise that demands sudden or prolonged effort, physical activity of some kind can be very beneficial. Short but regular walks will exercise the joints and stimulate the circulation. Gardening also provides good exercise, and by planning a garden carefully and using the appropriate tools you can eliminate most of the heavy work. Once you have attained a certain degree of physical fitness, you may even be able to take up swimming, running, or cycling, and surprise yourself with your own achievements.
Corns and bunions - Unani Action
A corn is a painful thickening of the outer layer of the skin of the toes. Corns are usually caused by the pressure of tight shoes. Inside a “hard” corn, usually a hard growth on the upper surface of a toe, is a cone shaped core that extends downward and presses on a nerve, causing pain. “Soft” corns are usually found between two toes; they remain soft because of the heat and moisture. Hard corns can appear also on top of the foot and even on the sole: anywhere that friction with the shoe occurs.
Do not attempt to lance or pare a corn (or bunion) with a sharp blade. This is dangerous and can cause serious infection.
A bunion is a painful swelling at the base of the big toe. The large joint of the big toe becomes inflamed and thickened, and bends the toe inward toward the other toes. Bunions are usually caused by ill-fitting shoes.
With a bunion, do not put padding between the bunion and the shoe. This only causes extra pressure on the toes. Padding between the big toe and the second toe may, however, relieve pain.
The best treatment for a corn is to wear wider and longer shoes. Shoes that come to a point, or that have high heels, are common cause of corns. Soaking a corn in hot water softens the top layers of the heardened skin. An emery board or a pumice stone can then be used to file away the hardened skin.
Herbal Medicine
Action
Anybody with either corns or a bunion should in the first instance ensure that thereafter they wear properly fitting shoes.
To treat corns, soak the feet in hot water and then rub the corn gently with an emery board or pumice stone. This should painlessly remove the superficial hard skin and leave a softer surface that can be protected with a dressing.
A variety of corn remedies are available, many of which contain salicylic acid, which softens hard skin and may provide temporary relief. But it is advisable also to consult a podiartist, who can remove corn and give advice about preventing their future recurrence.
The only complete and final cure for bunions is surgical removal of the bunion and part of any overgrown bone benefit it.
Corns are caused by friction in shoes that are too tight in width, length, or height. The hard and painful thickening of the skin that results is formed where the inside of the shoe rubs the foot or toe. The most common site is the upper surface of the joint of a toe that is habitually bent in order to get inside the shoe. When toes are pressed together by tight shoes, soft corns may form between them.
The best treatment for a corn is to wear wider and longer shoes. Shoes that come to a point, or that have high heels, are common cause of corns. Soaking a corn in hot water softens the top layers of the heardened skin. An emery board or a pumice stone can then be used to file away the hardened skin.
Unani Abdominal
Exercises
Knees raise
Lie on the back, with the hands under the head, the legs stretched out, the toes outward, and the feet together. Bend the knees and draw the heels up to the buttocks. Then breathe in, and lift the knees up to the chest, without raising the hips. Return the feet to the floor, then straighten the legs. Repeat twenty times.
Legs raise
Lie on the back, with the hands under the head, the legs stretched out, the toes outward, and the feet together. Raise both legs together, without bending the knees, from the floor to a vertical position. Lower the legs to the original position. Keep the legs straight throughout this exercise. Repeat fifteen times.
Hip arching
Lie on the back, with the hands under the head. Bend the knees so that the heels are as close as possible to the buttocks. Keep the feet together and the toes turned out. Raise the hips as high as possible, bearing the weight on the shoulders rather than the neck, then lower the hips gently to the floor. Repeat twenty times.
Hip rolling
Lie on the back, with the arms stretched out at right angles to the body. Bend the knees so that only the toes touch the floor and the heels rest against the buttocks. Roll the legs to the right, then to the left, touching the floor on each side. Keep both shoulders on the floor throughout the exercise. Repeat ten times each side.
Sit-ups
Lie on the back, with the arms stretched above the head, the legs stretched out, the toes outward, and the feet together. Swing the arms up, over, and forward to touch the toes, at the same time as you sit up. As the arms stretch forward, bend the head toward the knees. Return to the original position. Repeat twenty times.
Chest raise
Lie facedown on the floor, with the feet together, either with the toes beneath a bar just above floor level, or wiht the calves held down by another person. Clasp the hands behind the back. Raise the head and chest as high as possible, then lower to the floor. Repeat twenty times.
Seated, head to knees
Sit on the floor, with the legs straight and together, and the toes outward. Hold the body upright and stretch the arms above the head. Draw the chest up and stomach in. Lean forward and touch the toes with the hands. Try to touch the knees with the forehead. Then sit upright again. Repeat twenty times.
Shoulder raise
Lie on the back, with the hands under the head, the legs stretched out, the toes outward, and the feet together. Raise the shoulders, arms and chest at least one foot from the floor. Hold the position for a moment, then lower the head and shoulders gently to the floor. Repeat twenty times.
Smoking, eating and fitness
Physical fitness depends not just on exercise, but on the whole way in which you care for your body. The benefits gained from physical exercise will be wasted if you do not pay careful attention to your eating, drinking, and smoking habits.
The dangers of tobacco have been well-publicized. People who smoke a pack of cigarettes a day are twenty times more likely to get lung cancer than non-smokers. Cigarette smoking causes four times as many deaths as road accidents; it damages the lungs and blood vessels, and causes indirect damage to the heart and other organs. It is clear that smoking and physical fitness are incompatible. If you are already a heavy smoker and find it difficult to give up, you can at least cut down the number of cigarettes you smoke each day and smoke only brands with a low content on nicotine and tar. Do not smoke a cigarette right down to the filter, and remove it from your mouth between puffs to reduce the amount of smoke inhaled. If you can stop completely, you will very soon notice the benefits.
Your body can also be harmed by your choice of food and drink. If obesity is defined as weighing 20 percent more than the norm for one’s height, age, and occupation, then one third of the population of the United States can
People who smoke a pack of cigarettes a day are twenty times more likely to get lung cancer than non-smokers.
Electronic devices and hydrotherapy :
be defined as obese. Obesity is associated with backache, foot disorders, arthritis, gallstones, varicose veins, high blood pressure, diabetes, kidney failure, heart attacks, and many other disorders. Incorrect diet is associated with tooth decay, cardiovascular disease, and probably also with some forms of cancer. Again, anyone who is seriously concerned with physical fitness must pay careful attention both to what, and to how much, he or she consumes.
Your body’s nutritional requirements are discussed in the section on Nutrition. If you are overweight and decide to go on a slimming diet to improve your physical fitness, you must take care that your diet contains a proper balance of nutrients, dietary fiber, and calories. There are two main types of slimming diet: calorie controlled, and low carbohydrate. On average, each person consumes about 2,500 calories each day. If you go on a calorie controlled diet, set yourself a daily target and make sure that the food you consume does not contain more than that amount of calories each day. If you decide on a low carbohydrate diet, you will cut or reduce the amounts of carbohydrate-rich foods you eat. For further information concerning slimming diets.
Staying mentally fit By Unani Way
Mental and emotional health is fundamental for personal happiness, including the ability to develop close friendships and intimate relationships and to gain satisfactions from work, hobbies and other interests. Mental fitness is just as important a factor in overall health as is physical well-being.
Yet mental illness, in one form or another, is quite common. Many of a physician’s daily consultations involve some mental or emotional problem. At any one time, a large percentage of all hospital beds are occupied by those who are mentally ill. One in every ten persons at some time in life needs treatment in a hospital for mental illness.
Given the right combination of past experiences and current stresses, anyone can become mentally ill. But mental-health experts do not know the specific causes of all types of mental illness. Some mental disorders have physical causes, such as brain injuries, nutritional deficiencies and poisons; others have psychological causes.
Stress, however, seems to play a major role in triggering emotional problems. Such stress
Stress, however, seems to play a major role in triggering emotional problems. Such stress could result, for example, from anxiety about personal relationships, finances, or work. Avoiding excessive stress may prevent some forms of mental illness.
could result, for example, from anxiety about personal relationships, finances, or work. Avoiding excessive stress may prevent some forms of mental illness.
However, the decisions and problems that arise unexpectedly usually cause the most stress a sick child, an accident, a depressed friend or family member, and other similar situations. It is not possible to avoid these types of stress, so the better equipped a person is to cope, the more likely he or she is to remain mentally fit.
Coping with the stresses of life
Many of the factors that help a person handle the ordinary stresses of life can simply involve a common-sense approach to daily activities; getting enough sleep each night; setting aside time for relaxation; avoiding overwork; discussing problems with family or friends; and cultivating a confident, positive mental attitude.
The amount of sleep required varies from person to person, and even in the same person, from night to night. It is important to have a steady and sufficient amount of sleep if you are to avoid chronic fatigue and exhaustion. The amount of sleep needed to feel rested and refreshed indicates how many hours of sleep an individual requires. If insufficient sleep is obtained one night, the next sleep period should be longer to make up for it. And it is better to go to bed earlier on the next night rather than to hope to wake up later on the following day.
Another major factor in promoting mental health is having a circle of family members and friends on whom an individual can rely for psychological support or financial aid in times of trouble. The security of such a support group can eliminate or greatly reduce anxiety about how to handle problems.
When a problem does arise, discussing it with a family member or friend is often enough to put the problem into its proper perspective. By the same token, a person can attain great satisfaction and feelings of selfworth from supporting another in time of stress, acting as an adviser, helper, or just a good listener.
The more secure a person feels, the more likely he or she is to be mentally healthy. The groundwork for emotional security is laid in childhood. Children need affection, support, understanding of their problems and fears, and a sense of being wanted in the home. Children
The child who grows up in a loving, trusting family environment has the best chance of becoming a mentally healthy adult with a confident, positive outlook on life.
are often troubled by ordinary fears, such as the dark, or by special circumstances, such as moving to a new house, attending a new school, witnessing an accident or other violent event, experiencing a death in the family, or having to be hospitalized. Children need at least one adult on whom they feel they can rely. The child who grows up in a loving, trusting family environment has the best chance of becoming a mentally healthy adult with a confident, positive outlook on life.
Routine, boredom, and change
Setting up a daily routine is an unconscious way of avoiding mental stress. Tasks done through habit cause the minimum amount of difficulty. At the same time, too much routine creates boredom, which in itself can be fatiguing and create stress. As in any other aspect of life, people vary widely in their need for routine in any form without realizing that they do. In fact, most people unconsciously combine routine with change and stimulation in the right proportions to maintain their own mental fitness. If the daily routine is changed, an allowance for additional rest and relaxation should be made until the initial weariness has gone. Changes in routine that are known to be unnecessary generally seem to be more tiring.
A certain amount of change from the daily routine is enssential for mental well-being. But major life changes can create a great deal of stress. The loss of a loved one, a new job or home, marriage or divorce, even a change in diet are all sources of added stress. If several major life changes occur within a one year period, chances of incurring some type of mental, even physical illness, are greatly increased. A person experiencing such major changes should make special efforts to protect his or her mental health by getting enough rest and relaxation.
Back and Chest
Unani Exercieses
Pushups
Stand about four feet away from a firm, horizontal ledge that is about three feet above the ground. Place the hands about a shoulder-width apart on the ledge. While breathing in, bend the arms so that your chest touches the ledge. While breathing out, Repeat ten times.
Bench press
Lie faceup on a low bench, with the feet on the floor at each side of the bench. Hold a light weight, such as a plastic bottle filled with water, in each hand. Start with the two weights at the sides of the chest, keeping the forearms vertical, then lift them vertically upward until the arms are straight. Repeat twenty times.
Shoulder Turns
Place a six-foot long stick across the shoulders, so that it can support the outstretched arms. Stand with the feet apart. Do not move the hips and legs. Turn the upper body as far as possible to the right, then to the left. Keep the back straight, and the arms parallel to the ground. Repeat thirty times.
Flying exercise
Lie faceup on a low bench, with the feet on the floor at each side of the bench. Hold a light weight in each hand. Start with the arms vertically above the chest. Swing both arms outward as far as possible, keeping the arms curved. Keep the arms at right angles to the shoulders. Repeat twenty times.
Side bends
Place a six-foot long stick across the shoulders, so that it can support the outstretched arms. Stand with the feet apart. Bend the body at the waist to the right, then to the left, without bending forward or back. Do not allow the hips to sway. Repeat thirty times.
Straight arm pull-over
Lie on the floor faceup. Hold a stick across the thighs, so that the back of the hands are upward, and the arms parallel. Swing the stick up and over the head, keeping the arms straight, until the backs of the wrists touch the floor. Breathe in as the arms stretch upward, and out as the arms return. Repeat twenty times.
Forward bends
Place a six-foot long stick across the shoulders, so that it can support the outstretched arms. Stand with the feet apart. Keep the legs straight and bend forward from the hips until the back is horizontal. Keep the back straight and the head up. Repeat twenty times.
Back exercise (arch and hollow)
Rest on hands and knees, with the thighs upright, and the back horizontal. The fingers should be pointing forward. Raise the head and hollow the back as far as possible. Then arch the back and lower the head so that the spine is flexed. The movement should be controlled and rhythmical, not violent. Repeat twenty times.
Health Gymnasiums
As in Unani Regimental Therapy
Those who can afford the time and expense involved may wish to take advantage of the facilities offered by health gymnasiums. None of the equipment and other facilities provided by gymnasiums are strictly necessary to the process of getting fit, but they can add interest and variety to your physical exercises. Two other advantages offered by good gymnasiums are constant supervision, which enables you to exercise with safety and confidence, and a congenial atmosphere. Exercising with people who share a common purpose can provide extra enjoyment and incentive.
It is necessary first of all to distinguish between the different types of gymnasiums. Training gymnasiums are essentially for athletes and other men or women who wish to develop their skills for particular arthletic activities. They provide facilities for athletes to keep themselves fit throughout the year, and to train themselves for their chosen sports. Health gymnasiums provide advice, instruction and facilities for anyone who wishes to become or keep fit, whatever his or her initial physical condition. Their clients range from professional athletes
The accessories provided in health gymnasiums to help you exercise range from simple weights and benches to more sophisticated equipment such as pulleys and rowing machines.
to office workers who wish only to make the best use of their lunch hours.
Health gymnasiums vary widely in quality. When choosing one for yourself, you should check that it is staffed by qualified and responsible instructors. You may feel flattered to be attended by a sports celebrity, but professionally trained physiotherapists and physical education instructors can be equally, if not more, beneficial to an unfit person. You should except to be asked details of your medical history, and to be carefully examined before being allowed to use all the facilities. If you have not exercised for some time, you may even be advised to have a medical checkup. You will probably be asked to perform some simple exercises that are designed to raise your pulse rate to around 110 beats per minute. If your pulse rate rises excessively, this may be an indication of some physical disorder.
Three types of exercise
The accessories provided in health gymnasiums to help you exercise range from simple weights and benches to more sophisticated equipment such as pulleys and rowing machines. These accessories are appropriate for different kinds of exercises.
Isometric exercises, the simplest types, involve applying muscular strength by pulling or pushing immovable objects. The muscles are tensed and this tension is sustained for short periods of time. Because little movement is involved in these exercises, they develop static rather than dynamic strength.
Isotonic exercises involve pulling or lifting an object to a certain position and then returning it to its original position. They cause the muscles to contract as you move but, because the weight or force employed is constant, they do not exercise your muscles to the same degree throughout the exercise. The weight or force used can only be that which you can lift or pull at the weakest point in the range of motion involved, and at other points your muscles are not sufficiently strained to develop in strength. For example, when you are exercising with dumbbells or barbells, you can feel your muscles being stressed only at certain points as you lift the bars.
The third type of exercise, known as isokinetic, requires more sophisticated equipment. When using this equipment, your muscles are made to work at their maximum capacity througout the exercise. The resistance of the object against which you pull or push varies according to the effort you employ, so that the resistance is equal to the muscular force exerted throughout the exercise. The equipment itself automatically controls both the resistance and the speed at which you perform the exercise.
Isokinetic exercises can be designed for particular needs. For example, a person who is training for a particular sport can do exercises that simulate exactly the demands of this sport, and so develop precisely the muscles he or she most needs. In terms of the speed with which muscular power is developed, research has shown that isokinetic exercises are the most efficient of the three different types. They are also the safest, as the effort involved is automatically regulated.
Massage
Facilities for massage may be available at health gymnasiums or sauna baths. Massage is used in physical therapy as a means of rehabilitating patients who are suffering from certain physical pains or ailments but, as a means of getting or keeping fit, its value is very limited. It stimulates the circulation, relaxes the muscles, and can relieve local pains. But massage itself, whether performed manually or with an electrical vibrating machine, cannot increase muscular strength or reduce the amount of fat on the body.
Sauna baths
Sauna baths may be attached to health gymnasiums or may exist as separate establishments. Most sauna baths are organized according to similar basic principles, although Finnish sauna baths retain their original national characteristics. They have an invigorating effect on the whole body and aid physical and mental relaxation, but their effects are temporary rather than long-term.
On entering a sauna, you first take a warm shower to wash off the superficial dirt. You then enter the dry heat room, where you sit or lie on benches while you perspire in temperatures of up to 248oF (120oC). The heat is created by stoves or by electric heaaters. Your body temperature rises by about 3.6oF (2oC), and your blood vessels dilate. This causes your heart to beat faster, in order to circulate more blood to the outside of your body. Your skin pores open, and the perspiration washes out particles of dirt, dead skin, and cosmetics. These are then rinsed off in a cold shower. Alternating periods in the heat room with cold showers has an especially invigorating effect.
Sauna baths provide a healthy and enjoyable means of relaxation, but the sudden rise in pulse rate can be dangerous for anyone with a weak heart. People with any heart disorder, pregnant women, and people with high or low blood pressure, should therefore avoid them.
Health farms
A health farm is a type of clinic that is attended by those who want to improve their general physical health and mental stamina. People who attend health farms rarely have any symptoms of illness: they simply feel “out of condition” and know that, with proper care and treatment, their general health will improve. Many of those who attend are troubled by anxiety about some particular problems, such as one concerning work, drinking, smoking, or obesity.
The program of “therapy” offered by a health farm will usually include regular exercise, hydrotherapy, massage, and physiotherapy. Hydrotherapy involves the use of warm water to stimulate the circulation and aid mental relaxation, and also of special exercises that are performed in water. Other facilities that may be offered by health farms include special relaxation classes, yoga, and biofeedback techniques. Specialized health farms may also be equipped to offer diathermy, a form of physical therapy in which the body tissues are subjected to deep heating by the use of high-frequency electromagnetic waves.
The programs offered by health farms may be supervised by physicians, naturopaths, or osteopaths. Diet is often an important part of the treatment, and those who want to lose weight may begin their stay with a day or two with nothing to eat, apart from fluids such as fruit juices and herbal teas. One of the aims of such treatment is to flush out from the body any poisonous toxins that it may contain. The diet prescribed in sometimes exclusively vegetarian or macrobiotic.
Some health farms are organized with a religious or cultural bias. Many are situated in pleasant rural surroundings, where those attending can benefit from the relaxing atmosphere and the cooperative feeling produced by a group of people who share a common aim.
Exercise for body and mind
There are a wide variety of physical exercises that are more effective as aids to mental relaxation than in developing physical fitness. They may improve physical balance, coordination, and flexibility, but usually have little effect on strength or stamina. Their value is often more psychological than physical or medical.
Eurhythmics are exercises involving the coordination of physical movements with rhythmical muscial sounds. They emphasize the esthetic qualities of harmonious bodily movement, and are used as a form of muscial education and in the training of modern dancers. They have had considerable influence on the development of choreography in the twentieth century.
Yoga, originally a school of ancient Hindu philosophy, emphasizes the unity of mind and body. The form of yoga that is usually practiced in Western countries is Hatha Yoga, which consists of a system of postures and breathing exercises that aid physical and mental relaxation. They develop suppleness and mobility, especially in hip joints. It is claimed that they develop the inner resources of the body, and that they can lead eventually to complete knowledge and mastery of mind and body. Further stages of yoga involve techniques of concentration and meditation.
Various techniques of meditation itself have become popular in Western countries as aids to physical and mental relaxation. Many of these techniques are derived from Eastern religions, and include breathing and relaxation exercises. Transcendental Meditation, or TM involves profound concentration for two periods each day on a specific mantra, which is a word or formula that, when chanted or spoken repetitively, can aid concentration. Meditation techniques have been used in the treatment of patients with migraine or high blood pressure, but they have no real value in developing physical fitness.
Keep Wrinkles at bay!
Wrinkles are one of the most unwelcome signs of ageing. Delicate creases and sagging is caused over time as the skin loses its elasticity, suppleness and smoothness. But though unavoidable completely, they can be prevented from making an early appearance, say health experts.
“A lot of peopel in their 40s come to use seeking treatment for wrinkles. But the fact is that by then it’s already too late and the treatment can only reduce this sign of ageing by 20 to 30 per cent, but not completely cure them.
The key lies is taking care of your skin right from your early 20s.” says dermatologist Dr. Nina Madnani.
Causes of Ageing
Ageing of skin is dependant on two things genes and the external environment factors. Explain Dr.Madnani. “While gense are not under our control, we can keep the external factors under check” she says.
External Factors
Ultraviolet light : Over exposure to the sun causes premature ageing in skin. UV radiation causes collagen to break down at a higher rate.
Pollutants : Pollutants in the air release free radicals, activating the metalloproteinases that break down collagen in the skin, causing wrinkles.
Nutrition : Deficiency of vitamins like vitamin E and iron can reduce the elasticity and suppleness of skin, making it prone to wrinkling.
Rapid weight loss : Lossing weight suddenly can cause wrinkles, as the volume of the fat cells are drastically reduced. This causes the skin to sag and crease.
Smoking : A recent survey showed that when a smoker’s skin was compared with that of a non-smoker’s of the same age, the smoker’s skin looked 10 to 13 years older than it actually was. Smoking also stimulates the formation of free radicals.
Prevention of Wrinkles
“A well balanced diet in a key component to healthy, young-looking skin. Vitamins A, C, E and K promote radiant skin. Stress regular late-nights and excessive exposure to harsh lights contribute to premature ageing and wrinkles. Try to adopt a healthy lifestyle,” advise dermatologist Dr. Sushil Tahiliani. Health writer Dr. Parul Sheth adds, “It’s impossible to put a stop to signs of ageing. However, taking good care of your skin goes a long way in keeping signs of skin ageing at bay. Prevention should start early in life”.
Tips to prevent wrinkles
Never step out in the sun without adequate sun protection. Do not neglect the neck and hands.
Always keep your skin well-moisturised and always apply sun-screen 20 minutes before stepping out.
Drink lots of water and keep your skin well-hydrated from within.
Apply hydroxy acid-based creams, that encourage collagen production.
Avoid smoking.
Try to maintain a diet that is rich in vitamins.
Unani Exercieses
For Leg
Knee side raise
Stand with the heels together and the toes turned out. Hold a firm horizontal support with one hand for balance. Raise the right knee sideways, keeping the toes outward. Keep the body upright and move only from the hips. Return the right leg to the original position and repeat with the left leg. Repeat fifteen times with each leg.
Leg forward raise
Stand with the heels together and the toes turned out. Hold a firm horizontal support with the left hand for balance. Hold the right arm out sideways. Raise the right leg backward, then swing it forward from the hips as far as possible, with the toes pointed outward. Repeat fifteen times with the left leg.
Deep kneebends
Stand with the heels raised on a block, such as a book or a small step, that is about two inches thick. Keep the feet together, the back straight, the head up, and hold the arms forward for balance. Bend the knees, keeping them together, so that you sit on your heels. Then straighten to the standing position. Repeat twenty times.
Kneeling, leg backward raise
Rest on hands and knees, with the thighs upright, and the back horizontal. The fingers should be pointing forward. Raise the head. Straighten the left leg, then lift it as high as possible without moving the body. Do not bend the knee. Keep the leg straight until all repetitions have been completed. Repeat fifteen times with each leg.
Leg backward raise
Stand with the heels together and the toes turned out. Hold a firm horizontal support with one hand for balance. Lift the left leg forward, with the toes outward. Then swing the leg backward, as far as possible, keeping the legs straight, the body upright, and the toes outward. Do not allow the body to sway. Repeat fifteen times with each leg.
Kneebends on the toes
Stand with the heels about one foot apart, and with the toes turned out. Hold a firm horizontal support with both hands for balance. Rise up on tiptoe, then squat down, keeping the back vertical. Stand up, and lower the heels to the floor. Repeat twenty times.
Leg parting
Lie on the back, with the arms stretched out at right angles to the body. Raise both legs so that they are vertical, and point the toes upward. Spread the legs as wide as possible, so that they make a V-shape, then bring them together again. Do not lower the legs to the floor until the end of the exercise. Repeat twenty times.
Leg side raise
Stand with the heels together and the toes turned out. Hold a firm horizontal support with the right hand for balance. Keeping the body upright and still, raise the left leg sideways as far as possible, then return it to the original position. Do not allow the leg to veer forward or backwrd. Repeat fifteen times, then repeat with the right leg.
Magneto Therapy
Megneto therapy is a system of treating patients with the use of magnets. Not only the magnet but even magnetized water has been found to have very favourably acted on human diseases and has worked as a beneficial medicine in many cases.
A magnet has many healing properties. It not only attracts iron but also attracts all material humors that are in the human system of blood; phlegm, black bile and yellow bile, of which the body in ancient medicine was thought to be composed. The magnet is useful in internal and external diseases.
Stand with the heels raised on a block, such as a book or a small step, that is about two inches thick. Keep the feet together, the back straight, the head up, and hold the arms forward for balance. Bend the knees, keeping them together, so that you sit on your heels. Then straighten to the standing position. Repeat twenty times.
Osteopathy
The practice of Osteopathy is a scientific adjustement by mechanical manipulations of the joints, muscles, tissues and viscera to promote the circulation and allow the vital fluids to circulate without interruption. It stipulates that disease is caused by abnormal changes in the tissues of ligaments, muscles and organs as well as in the position and mobility of the bones wherever situated in the body. The practice of Osteopathy is done by a Osteopath and is based upon a thorough knnowledge of anatomy, physiology and hygiene.
Osteopathy involves the treatment of vertebral column, joint, bone, muscle and tissue in the whole body. Structural derangment or lesion is considered the most important underlying cause of disease. A lesion may be in bony, muscular, ligamentous, facial, or other tissues. It results in lack of normal movement in surrounding tissues allowing blood and lymph to stagnate, causing acidosis, irritating nerves which pass that way and through them affecting the functions of various organs including blood vessels.
The theory evolved was that if there was a displacement of the spine the Osteopathic lesion would prevent the free flow of blood through the body and the specific organs. if the life-force inside people; the blood, was impeded this would cause an alteration of functioning elsewhere which in turn would cause disease or allow the body to become diseased.
Osteopathy states that the body is a vital and physical mechanism, subject to derangement, structural alteration and functional changes.Osteopathy includes preventive, palliative and curative measures.
Treatment
Osteopath first observes the patient and studies the nature of the problem. An osteopath thoroughly examines the patient and observe how he sits, stands or lies down and also the manner in which the body is bent to the side, back or front. The practitioner will also feel the muscles, soft tissues and ligaments to detect if there is any tension present, so that the Osteopath is able to take note of the extent and ability of the joint to function. X-rays are also checked when needed to determine the extent of any problem. After all these examinations, osteopath will take a decision as to whether the patient will benefit from this therapy or not.
This therapy is done by manipulating the joints which will lessen any tenseness present in the muscles and also improve its ability to work correctly to its maximum extent. In addition to manipulation, other methods such as massage can also be used. Muscles can be freed from tension if the tissue is massaged and this will also stimulate the flow of blood. Techniques of learning to relax, how to stand and sit correctly and additional exercises are suggested by the Osteopath.
Another form of therapy, which is known as Cranial Osteopathy is used for patients suffering from pain in the face or head. This is effected by the Osteopath using slight pressure on these areas including the upper part of the neck. If there is any tautness or tenseness present, the position is maintained while the problem improves. It is now common practice for doctors to recommend patients to use Osteopathy.
Leg parting
Lie on the back, with the arms stretched out at right angles to the body. Raise both legs so that they are vertical, and point the toes upward. Spread the legs as wide as possible, so that they make a V-shape, then bring them together again. Do not lower the legs to the floor until the end of the exercise. Repeat twenty times.
Leg side raise
Stand with the heels together and the toes turned out. Hold a firm horizontal support with the right hand for balance. Keeping the body upright and still, raise the left leg sideways as far as possible, then return it to the original position. Do not allow the leg to veer forward or backwrd. Repeat fifteen times, then repeat with the right leg.
Cardiovascular and
General Unani Exercise
Cardiovascular exercises are exercises that improve the condition of the heart and the blood vessels in the body. They do this by making the heart work at a pace that is faster than the normal resting rate, yet not so fast that the heart is strained. In this way the efficiency and the strength of the heart and the cardiovascular system can be increased.
Although these exercises may help to prevent cardiovascular illness, they should not be done by anyone who has had a heart attack. Coronary patients, and anyone who is overweight or who smokes heavily, should consult a physician before starting these, or any, vigorous exercises.
The pace at which the heart beats can be measured most conveniently by feeling the pulse of the arteries in the wrist. To do this, turn the right hand so that the palm is upward. Place the three central fingers of the left hand on the upper side of the right wrist, close to the base of the thumb. Feel for the pulse with the fingertips on the thumb side of the tendons that are found in the middle of the wrist. Press gently, and count the number of pulses that can be felt in fifteen seconds. Multiply this number by four to calculate the number of pulses, or heartbeats, per minute.
It is important that everyone who exercises knows what his or her own exercising pulse rate should be. If this rate is exceeded, be careful, because strain rather than fitness may result. If you find your pulse rising too rapidly, or going above your calculated exercising rate, you should consult a physician before taking further strennous exercise.
The importance of the exercising pulse rate is that is shows each individual, at any time, how vigorously he or she can exercise. If the pulse exceeds the calculated limit, slow down; if the pulse does not reach the exercising rate, then he exercise is not vigorous enough.
To calculate the exercising pulse rate, add an “unfitness handicap” of 40 to your age, and subtract this total from 200. Thus an unfit person of twenty should aim to raise his or her pulse rate when exercising to 140; an unfit person of thirty should aim for an exercising pulse of 130; an unfit person of forty should aim for an exercising pulse of 120; and so on.
Go through the first four exercises to warm up in order to avoid strains during the other exercises. Then do th remaining ten as a circuit that must be completed twice. It is important to do the exercises in the order specified. The whole sequence of twenty-four exercises should take no more than half an hour.
Arms circle
With the feet apart, raise both arms forward, in front of the body. Keep the arms straight, and rotate them from the shoulder. Make the sweep of the arms as large as possible, to achieve most benefit from this exercise. Do not move the rest of the body, or the head, as the arms swing round. Repeat thirty times.
Toe touching
With the feet together, raise both arms upward. Breathe in, lean forward from the hips, and touch the toes with the hands. With practice it should be possible to place the palms of both hands flat on the floor. Keep the legs straight, and do not round the back. Breathe out when standing up again. Repeat fifteen times. Shoulder turn With the feet apart, hold the arms outstretched at shoulder height. Do not bend the arms, and do not allow the hips and legs to move. Keeping the back straight and the arms parallel to the floor, turn the head and shoulders as far as possibel to the left, then to the right, in a steady movement. Repeat thirty times.
Wide kneebends
With the heels about two feet apart, and with the toes turned out, bend the knees so that they remain in line with the feet. Keep the heels on the ground and the back straight. Hold the arms out sideways, for balance. Bend the knees until the thighs are horizontal, then stand up again. Repeat twenty times.
Pushups
Lean forward, with the hands toes on the floor, arms extended, and body straight. The hands should be about eighteen inches (45 cm) apart, with the fingers pointing forward. Bend the arms so the chest touches the floor, then push up to straighten the arms. Repeat ten times.
Situps
Lie stretched out on the back, with the arms above the head. Swing the arms upward and forward, and rais the body to a sitting position. Complete the movement by leaning forward and touching the toes, trying also to touch the forehead to the knees, then return to the original position. Repeat fifteen times.
Deep kneebends,
With the heels on a two-inch block, stand upright with the arms hanging at the sides, keep the legs together, then bend the knees as much as possible. Swing the arms forward for balance. Keep the head up and the back straight. Stand up again and drop the arms to the sides. Repeat twenty times.
Alternate legs raise,
Lie on the back with the hands beneath the head. Keeping both legs straight, with the toes pointed, raise one leg to about 45, lower it, then raise the other leg. Do not bend the legs and do not lift the hips from the ground. The legs should be moved up and down as rapidly as possible.
Jack - knife
Lie on the back, with the arms at the sides, and palms of the hands on the floor. Raise both legs together, keeping them straight, to about 45 fromt he floor, and raise the shoulders and chest by the same amount. Lift the arms so that they are parallel to the legs. Hold the position for a moment, and lie back. Repeat fifteen times.
Alternate leg squat thrusts
Squat, with both hands on the floor. Keep the back straight, the head up, the arms outside the knees, and the fingers spread. Stretch one leg backward as far as possible then quicly change the position of the legs, so that the bent leg is straight, and the other is bent beneath the chest. Repeat twenty times.
Stepups
Stand facing the seat of a chair or bench. Place the left foot on the chair, step up, and bring the right foot up beside the left. Then step down from the chair, with the left foot first. Step up and down ten times, then repeat the exercise by stepping on and off the chair or bench with the right foot first. Repeat ten times with each leg.
Skipping
Stand with the feet together, and hold a skipping rope in both hands, with the rope hanging behind. Swing the rope over the head and jump as it approaches the feet. Continue to swing the rope up and over the head, and again jump over it as it passes beneath the feet. Keep the head up. Repeat fifty times.
Punching air
Stands with the feet apart. Hold the arms at the sides of the chest, and clench the fists. Punch forward from the shoulder, first with the left arm, then with the right. Keep the head to the front and do not move the legs, but allow the torso to swing from the waist with each punch. Repeat fifty times, as fast as possible.
Running on the spot
Stand erect, with the head up, the shoulders back, and the arms hanging relaxed at the sides. Run on the spot, at a steady, comfortable pace. Raise the knees so that the thighs are horizontal, and keep the toes pointing down. Try to land softly on the toes, and do not jar the heels. Repeat for a hundred steps.
Handle with care . . .
They say romance usually blooms in the rainy season. But what this season can also bring is illness and diseases, if one is careless about food and hygiene. Since most diseases are either water-related or are caused due to hygiene issues, we need to take utmost care of what we eat and how. We need to take good care of our bodies, especially our hands as they play an important role in keeping us healthy. Nails may appear to be an insignificant part of the body, but if kept unclean, they can cause several diseases. Hence, health experts across the city insist that it is imperative to keep them clean at all times, adding that good care needs to be taken of the nails and hands, more so during the rains.
According to health writer, Dr. Parul Shah, “Because of our busy lifestyle, we pay little or no attention to keeping our hands and nails clean. And we realise our mistake only after falling prey to various diseases.”
Nutritionist Vauda Gupta says, “Nails indicate how hygienic and healthy a person is. To stay healthy, one must opt for a balanced diet. The diet should be enriched with adequate amounts of protiens, vitamins and minerals liek calcium, iron and phosphorous.”
Kids being kids have to be twice as careful. And pediatrician, Dr. Siddharth Kamat says, “Children are known to play with unclean objects. Often, they consume food, without bothering to wash their hands after having played with such objects. parents have to be watchful when it comes to something as basic as washing their children’s hands. This is because children generally have low immunity and are more prone to attacks by germs.”
Keeping these few points in mind will not only keep your hands and nails in a perfectly presentable condition, but also keep them healthy and germ-fee.
Keep them short
Long, well-manicured nails may give you the extra edge when it comes to the looks department, but it’s a wise thing to keep them short during the rains. Humidity also makes the nails brittle and weaknens them. Keeping your nails short will avoid nail-breaks and also help you keep them clean. So, trim your nails regularly.
Keeping them clean
Keeping your nails clean shows how hygiene-conscious and meticulous you are. If you do not take proper care to clean you nails, you are automatically making yourself vulnerable to a number of illnesses. This is because the dirt and germs in your nails are invariably being consumed when you use your hands to eat, thereby giving you a mixture of ‘germinated protein.’ Wash you hands before all meals, after using the washroom and as soon as you get home. Also, it’s a good option to keep a sanitiser handy, but remember not to overuse it, as int he long run it may harm even the useful bacteria found on the palms. Also, try not to make them a substitute for washing hands. Use it as an add on. While washing hands, make sure that you cover the whole hand, including a few inches down your wrist. It’s equally essential to dry them using a clean towel.
Diet for Nails
Nails let us know how we fare when it comes to getting all of our required nutrients. Since nails are mainly made up of protein, they can immediately alert us to a lack of it in our diet. Calcium is also important for health nails. Sufficient water intake is also important as it not only keeps you healthy but also provides moisture for nails.
Beauty talk
Nail polishes, hardeners and cleaners contain substances, that can damage the nail surface. If your nail-surfaces feel damaged, stop using nail polishes for a while. It might be all the treatment that your nails need.
Advanced Unani Exercises
For general health and good physical condition, the level of fitness attained by a person who has followed the schedules of the beginner’s exercises and the cardiovascular and general exercises is sufficient. Once this level of fitness is reached, after about six months of regular daily exercising, it can be maintained by doing, as a minimum, the cardiovascular and general exercises three times a week.
The advanced exercises are designed for those who are not satisfied with this minimum. A person following them can go on to achieve a higher level of general fitness, and can do this using only a few basic items of gymnasium equipment.
For advanced exercises, some equipment is necessary, because the most efficient way to strengthen muscles is to make them repeatedly work against resistance. The most convenient forms of resistance are weights on dumbbells or barbells. anyone following the advanced schedule will need: a six-foot long (2 meter) steel bar (standard barbell) with variable weights; two dumbells, with variable weights; a weight bench that has hooks and a strap at one end; a horizontal chinning bar that is at least 8ft (2.5 meters) from the floor; if possible, a set of wall bars; and a skipping rope.
With regard to the weights to use, be careful not to try to lift anything that is too heavy. The purpose of these exercises is to use muscles repeatedly, not to see how much weight can be lifted. For any one upper body exercise, use the heaviest weight that allows fifteen repetitions of the exercise to be done without discomfort.
The advanced exercises are designed for those who are not satisfied with this minimum. A person following them can go on to achieve a higher level of general fitness, and can do this using only a few basic items of gymnasium equipment.
The number of repetitions recommended for each exercise is intended as a guide, rather than a strict limit, because most people following the advanced schedule will judge from the way they feel during the exercise whether they should do more or less than the recommendations.
Finally, some essential safety precautions; always warm up thoroughly before starting the advanced exercises; as a minimum warm up, go through all the exercises described on and, in addition, exercise for at least five minutes skipping or jogging; do not attempt the advanced exercises until the beginner’s schedule and the cardiovascular exercises can be done without any sense of strain, either during or the day after the exercises; do not do any exercises that involve the use of weights if you are under fifteen years of age, because this may lead to abnormal muscular development, and may damage developing bones and joints.
Legs raise, on angled board
Lie faceup on a bench that is inclined at about 20, with the head at the higher end. Stretch the arms above the head and hold on to a strap, the sides of the bench rests. Keep the legs together, and the toes pointed. Raise the legs to a vertical position, then lower them. Repeat twenty to thirty times.
Bench press
Lie faceup on a bench, with the feet on the floor on either side. Hold a barbell across the upper chest. Grip the bar with both hands more than shoulder width apart. The backs of the hands should be nearest to the face. Push vertically upward until the arms are straight, then lower to the chest again. Repeat ten to fifteen times.
Shoulder turns, with bar
Stand with the feet apart. Hold a six-foot steel bar, without weights, across the shoulders so that it supports the arms when they are outstretched. Turn the torso, head, and arms as far as possible to the left, then to the right, in a steady movement. Do not move the legs, and keep the back straight. Repeat fifteen to twenty times.
Hang with both hands from a high wall bar, face to the wall, so that the feet are clear of the ground. Lift the legs and hips backward as far as possible, hollowing the back. The same exercise may be done from a horizontal bar, with the body hanging free. Repeat ten or fifteen times.
Side bends, with bar
Stand with the feet apart. Hold a six-foot steel bar, without weights, across the shoulders. Bend sideways at the waist. Do not allow the body to learn forward or backward, and keep the head looking to the front. Bend as far as possible one way, straighten again, then bend the other way. Repeat fifteen to twenty times.
Forward bends, with bar
Stand with feet apart. Hold a six-foot steel bar, without weights, across the shoulders so that it supports the arms when they are outstretched. Bend forward from the hips, keeping the head up, until the back is horizontal. Keep the legs and back straight, and the arms parallel to the ground. Repeat fifteen to twenty times.
Hanging, reverse arch
Hang with both hands from a high wall bar, face to the wall, so that the feet are clear of the ground. Lift the legs and hips backward as far as possible, hollowing the back. The same exercise may be done from a horizontal bar, with the body hanging free. Repeat ten or fifteen times.
Squat
Stand with the feet apart and the toes turned out. Lift a barbell from a squat-rack, or from the hands of another person, on to the shoulders, behind the neck. Hold the barbell, and support its weight on the shoulders. Bend the legs, keeping the back straight, until the thighs are horizontal. Repeat fifteen to twenty.
Straight arm pull-over
Lie faceup on a bench, with the feet on the floor on either side. Hold a steel bar across the thighs, with the backs of the hands upward. Lift the bar up and over the head, keeping the arms straight. Bend the hands upward so that the tension is on the chest not the elbows. Repeat fifteen to twenty times.
Flying exercise
Lie faceup on a bench, with the feet slightly apart on the floor. Hold a dumbbell in each hand directly above the chest. Start with the arms straight, then move them outward and down, bending the arms slightly so that the elbows are not strained. Lower the arms until the weights are level with the shoulders. Repeat fifteen to twenty times.
Deep kneebends with dumbbells
Stand with the feet together. Hold a dumbbell in each hand, with the hands straight down at the sides. Bend the knees and squat down as far as possible, keeping the arms by the sides. Keep the head up, the legs together, and the back straight. Repeat fifteen to twenty times.
Alternate dumbbell pull-over
Lie faceup on a bench with the feet on the floor on either side. Hold a dumbbell in each hand, resting on the thighs, with the backs of the hands uppermost. Lift one arm up and overhead, with the arm slightly bent. As the first arm returns to the starting position, lift the other arm up and overhead. Repeat fifteen to twenty times.
Leg back raise
Stand facing a firm horizontal support, with the heels together and the toes turned out, holding the support with both hands. Keep the toes pointed, and swing the left leg backward as far as possible. Keep the body upright. Complete the exercise with the left leg before starting it with the right leg. Repeat fifteen to twenty times with the each leg.
Leg forward raise
Stand sideways to a firm horizontal support, with the heels together, and the toes turned out holding the support with the left hand. Hold the right hand out sideways, for balance. Lift the right leg forward from the hip as far as possible, keeping the leg straight and the toes pointed outward. Repeat with the other leg. Repeat fifteen to twenty times with each leg.
Seesaw movement
Stand with the feet wide apart, with the toes turned outward, and the hands by the sides. Keep the back straight and the head up. Bend the left knee, keeping the heels on the ground and the right leg straight. Move both arms to the right. Reverse the position by bending the right knee. Repeat ten to fifteen times on each side.
Situps
Lie on the back, with the legs together, the toes pointed, and the hands behind the head. Sit up, from this position, keeping the feet on the ground, and lean forward as far as possible. The same exercise can be done on a sloping board, with the feet held by a strap at the top of the board.
One arm dumbbell rowing,
Stand with the feet apart. Lean forward, with the legs straight, and place one hand on a bench. Hold a dumbbell in the other hand. Keep the head up and the back straight. Bend the arm to lift the dumbbell up to the side of the chest. Complete the exercise with one arm before doing it with the other. Repeat ten to fifteen times with each arm.
Legs curl
Lie facedown on a bench with the knees just clear of the end. Bend the legs at the knees, keeping the feet together, so that the heels touch the buttocks. Then straighten the legs to the starting position. Keep the toes pointed down for half the repetitions, then do the other half with the toes pointed up. Repeat fifty times.
Facedown, legs raise
Lie facedown on the floor, with the arms close to the sides, and the hands palm downward. Keep the legs together, and point the toes. Press down with the palms of the hands and lift both the legs and the hips as high as possible from the floor. Hold for a moment, then return to the original position. Repeat ten to fifteen times.
Press with dumbbells
Stand with the feet apart. Hold a dumbbell in each hand, at the shoulders. Keep the back straight the head up. Raise one arm directly overhead, until it is straight, and then raise the other arm while lowering the first arm to the shoulders. Do not allow the body to lean backward or forward. Repeat ten to fifteen times.
Chinning
Hang by both hands from a horizontal bar, with the hands no more than shoulder-width apart. Hold the bar with the backs of the hands away from the face (undergrip). Hand straight down, then pull up until the upper chest touches the bar. Lower until the arms are straight. Repeat ten times, or more if possible.
Curl
Stand upright, with the feet slightly apart. Hold a dumbbell in each hand, with the arms hanging at the sides. Bend both arms at the elbows, turning the forearms slightly inward, and lift the dumbbell upto the chest. Keep the elbows close to the body throughout the exercise. Repeat ten to fifteen times.
Hang on horizontal bar
It is always wise to end a workout by hanging from a horizontal bar, to stretch and relax the joints of the spine, and other joints, after exercise. Hold the bar with the backs of the hands toward the face (overgrip) the hands wide apart, and the body and legs straight. Breathe deeply. Hang for about a quarter or half a minute.
Tips for the Kids...
Keep nails short and well-timmed.
Wash hands thoroughly before and after meals.
Children tend to be very careless about hygiene. So, parents should make sure that they wash their hands regularly after every outdoor activity and after using the wash room.
Avoid playing int he mud during the rainy season.
Teach kids the importance of hygiene and show them the right way to do it.
Focus on medicated properties of the soap, instead of the appearance.
Reiki
Reiki’ is a Japanese word meaning life energy. It is a complementary therapy and one of the many facets of alternative medicine available today. It is a method of natural healing. This therapy was discovered by Dr. Mikao Usui, a Japanese theologist. In this therapy, hands are used as the instruments of healing. This therapy is performed by either a Reiki master or a Reiki practitioner.
Reiki is centered upon universal life energy. Reiki energy is regarded as life energy at its most effective. It has a divine quality and it gives a feeling of detachment from the world so that problems doesn’t effect the user. Those who use Reiki regularly, often find they are more joyful, lively and their own inbuilt energy is enhanced. Body organs such as the skin and protective systems such as the immune system are improved. Deep relaxation is the main factor in Reiki therapy and this is very much dependent upon the divine quality attributed to the energy.
Reiki can be done on various parts of the body like head, chest and abdomen, back etc. There are various basic positions or arrangements in which hands are placed in different parts of the body.
Effects of Reiki
1. It enables the universal energy to be received.
2. It creates a feeling of deep relaxation.
3. It removes energy blockages, allowing a flow of life energy throughout the body.
4. It removes toxins of various sorts.
When each Reiki therapy session is complete the whole body may be energized via the root Chakra.
Preparation before Reiki
Remove Jewellery - Before Reiki, Jewellery must be removed, so as to enable the free flow of life energy.
Wash hands - Washing hands makes the hands pleasant to feel, for the recipient of Reiki.
Say a prayer - This is in order to concentrate upon and acknowledge your aims.
If there is any physical blemishes such as burns, the hands should be held a few inches above the skin at this area. If the person is suffering from any illness, he should seek advice from a doctor as to whether they can undergo Reiki therapy.
The extent of each session of Reiki will vary depending upon circumstances and the individual receiving treatment. In the case of a small child or an elderly person, time limit of the therapy should be limited to 15 to 20 minutes.
Reiki can be done on various parts of the body like head, chest and abdomen, back etc. There are various basic positions or arrangements in which hands are placed in different parts of the body.
Reiki on the head is useful in case of cold, sinusitis, eye complaints, allergies, fatigue, headaches, asthma and circulatory problems. In the case of Reiki on the head, the hands are placed on either side of the nose, with the palms covering the eyes, the thumbs rest by the bridge of the nose and finger-tips cover the cheeks and reach the upper lip. In the second arrangement for the head, the hands are placed over the ears, with the fingertips extending down the jaw line to the neck, encompassing the ears of course which includes the semicircular canals, responsible for balance.
Reiki on the back is useful in cases of lung and heart diseases, muscular tension, head aches and related condition. There are a number of arrangements which can be adopted on the back and lower back. In one of this arrangement, the hands are placed across the shoulder blades at mid to upper point, to influence the intestines, lung, heart and various muscles in the neck and shoulder region. If the hands are placed lower down the back, around the midriff (on the lower ribs) this position will accommodate the kidneys and adrenal glands.
In addition to these specific positions, there are many other Reiki positions in different parts of the body to deal with multitude of complaints.
Long-term whole body Reiki can bd adopted not ony to counteract a particular symptom, but also to treat the whole body to achieve relaxation. Relaxation is possible with the removal of block ages in energy flow and dispersal of toxins. Reiki also facilitates faster recovery from illness. This therpy can be used advantageously with other therapies like Gem therapy, Aromatherapy, Homeopathy, Yoga etc.
WAJAUL MAFASIL
(RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS)
Wajaul Mafasil (Rheumatoid arthritis) is a constitutional disease characterized by inflammation and pain in joints of the body. Most characteristic feature is poly-arthritis with a tendency for symmetric distribution. Arthritis is caused due to a chronic proliferative inflammation of the synovial membrane, the potentiality of producing irreversible damage to the joint capsule and articular cartilage, as these structures are replaced by granulation tissue. Both the constitutional manifestations and synovial inflammation are subject to variations in severity with a strong tendency to unexplained remission with excerbations.
The Council has not only developed effective oral and local drugs that provide complete remission but also established the beneficial effects of certain Unani therapies namely Munzij and Mushil therapy and Hajamat (Cupping) in the treatment of this disease on scientific lines. The drugs developed have provided complete remission in 75% to 80% of the cases.
Treatment facilities for the disease are available at the Council’s Regional Research Institutes of Unani Medicine at Chennai and Srinagar and Central Research Institute of Unani Medicine, Lucknow, and Clinical Research Unit, Bangalore.
Signs & Symptoms
• Swelling, tenderness and pain on movement of the joints.
• Low grade fever in initial stage.
• Skin over the affected joints is smooth, shiny and atrophic.
Preventive measures
• Avoid exposure to cold
• Avoid fatigue, overwork, mental strain etc.
• Avoid use of cold drinks
• Avoid use of diet producing phlegmatic humour.
Treatment Single Drugs
Suranjan Colchicum luteum Bak.
Azaraqi Strychnos nux-vomica Linn
Buzidan Orchis latifolia Linn
Zanjabeel Zingiber officinale Roscoe
Sambhalu Vitex negundo Linn.
Zeequn Nafas
(Bronchial Asthma)
Zeequs Nafas (Bronchial asthma) is characterized by attacks of wheezing and difficulty in breathing caused by narrowing of bronchi due to spasm. These attacks may be triggered by a variety of factors such as allergy to certain dusts, respiratory infections, emotional crises etc.
Zeequs Nafas is caused due to inflammation of mucous membrane of trachea and bronchi leading to obstruction in air passage. Predisposing factors are heredity, fatigue, atmospheric irritants and pollutants, smoking etc.
Extensive clinical trial of Unani drugs in cases of Zeequs Nafas have been conducted by the Council and two oral combinations developed for the treatment of the disease.
The treatment facility is available at the Council’s Regional Research Institute of Unani Medicine, Srinagar (J&K) and Clinical Research Unit, Allahabad.
Signs & Symptoms
• Breathlessness
• Weakness
• Loud whistling, squeaking and groaning musical ronchi during expiration.
• Productive cough
• Rapid and weak pulse rate.
Prevention
• Avoid frequent use of cold food and drinks.
• Avoid stress and strain.
• Avoid atmospheric irritants and pollutants, smoking
• Avoid phlegm producing diets.
• Follow principles of healthy living.
TREATMENT
Single Drugs Compound Drugs
Alsi Linum usitatissimum Linn Majoon Hulba
Methi Trigonella foenum-graecum Linn Majoon Karanj
Chilbeenj Strychnos potatorum Linn.f. Majoon Zeeq
Karanj Pongamia pinnata (Linn) Pierre Sharbat Aroosa
Karanjwa Caesalpinia bonducella Flem. Lauq Katan
Irsa Iris ensata Thunb Khamira Gaozaban
Sapistan Cordia myxa Linn.
Khatmi Althaea officinalis Linn.
Gaozaban Onosma Bracteatum
Katan Linum usitatissimum Linn.
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